Journal of Research (Urdu), BZU - Multan

(جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو

Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (Pakistan)
ISSN (print): 1726-9067
ISSN (online): 1816-3424

Online Communication and Social Norms: Social Deviations in Pakistani Chat Rooms

  • Akifa Imtiaz Amir/
  • December 31, 2007
Keywords
Online Chatting Social Media Communication Internet IRC Messengers Language Linguistics
Abstract

The widespread use of the Internet has significantly impacted the language people use to communicate. One of the clearest indications of this phenomenon are chat rooms. Many kind of chat settings are available online for the users, e.g. IRC (Internet Relay Chat), MUDs, MOOs, MIRC, ICQ, Instant Messengers and many websites like www.yahoo.com  or www.cnn.com etc.offer their chat rooms. These chat settings allow users to create and join chat channels or rooms which may have an intended topic of discussion or multiple topics being discussed simultaneously. This paper proposes to discuss how conversation in the text-based Pakistani chat rooms differs from every day ‘casual’ conversation in a number of respects. The data was collected through internet chat logs from Pakistani chat rooms and questionnaires. The study aims to demonstrate the deviations in the  ‘chat’ conducted online from that carried out face-to-face. Here the focus also falls upon the expression of culture or the absence of it in the speech. In this paper deviations from culture as well as social norms are focused upon in the light of the Pakistani socio-cultural norms.

References

Allen, D. & Guy, R. (1974). Conversation Analysis: The Sociology of Talk. The Netherlands: Mouton & Co.

Brown, P. (1980) ‘How and why some women are more polite: some evidence from a Mayan community’, in: Sally McConnell-Ginet, Ruth Borker and Nellie Furman eds., Women and Language and Literature in Society, 111-136, New York: Prager.

Brown, P. and Levinson, S. (1978) `Universals in language usage: politeness phenomena’, pp.56-311, in ed. Goody, E. Questions and Politeness: Strategies in Social Interaction, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Brown, P. and Levinson, S. (1987) Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Crystal, D. (Ed.). (1992). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.

Crystal, D. (2001). Language and the Internet. Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press.

Freed, A. (1996) ‘Language and gender in an experimental setting’, in Victoria Bergvall, Janet Bing and Alice Freed eds., Rethinking Language and Gender Research: Theory and Practice, 54-76, New York: Longman.

Hamman, R. (1996). Cyborgasms: Cybersex among Multiple-Selves and Cyborgs in the narrow-Bandwidth space of America On-line chatrooms. Unpublished MA Dissertation, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.

Harris, S. (2001) ‘Being politically impolite: extending politeness theory to adversarial political discourse’, Discourse and Society 12: 451-472.

Holmes, J. (1995) Women, Men and Politeness. New York: Longman.

Lakoff, R. (1975) Language and Woman’s Place.  New York: Harper Row.

Levinson, S. (1983) Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lewis, L. (1992) The Adoring Audience. London: Routledge.

Marshall, G.(Ed.) (1994 ) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Sociology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mullany, L. "I don’t think you want me to get a word in edgeways do you John ?"  Re-assessing (im)politeness, language and gender in political broadcast interviews. Retrieved February 16, 2006, from the World Wide Web:

http://www.shu.ac.uk/wpw/politeness/mullany.htm

Pyra, M. (1995) Using Internet Relay Chat .USA: Que Corporation

Reiner, D. & Keith B.(1997) Person to person on the Internet. London: Academic Press Limited.

Rheingold, H. (1995) The Virtual Community. UTNE Reader.

Suler, J. (2005) The Psychology of Cyberspace. Retrieved May, 12, 2006, from the World Wide Web: http:// www.rider.edu/suler/psycyber/psycyber.html

 Suler, J. (2002) Identity  Management in Cyberspace. Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 4, 455-460

Turkle, S. (1995) Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Weiss, Ann E. (1996) Virtual Reality: A door to cyberspace. Canada: Fitzhenry & Whiteside Ltd.

Whittle, B. (1996) Cyberspace: The Human Dimension .New York: WH Freeman & Co.

Yee, T. (2003) In Defence of Chatrooms. Retrieved  January 02, 2005, from the World Wide Web:  http://www.thecore.nus.edu.sg/writing/students/teosooyee.html

 

Statistics

Author(s):

Department of English, Govt College for Women, Multan (Currently, The Women University, Multan)

Pakistan

Details:

Type: Article
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Language: English
Id: 5e8079f724c01
Pages 45 - 58
Discipline: English
Published December 31, 2007

Statistics

  • 507
  • 145
  • 102

Copyrights

Journal of Research (Urdu) uses Creative Commons license Authors, retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.