- Journal of Research (Languages and Islamic Studies), Vol # 10, Issue # 1
- The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens
The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens
- Prof. Dr. Saiqa Imtiaz Asif/
- Syeda Farwa Zahra/
- December 31, 2006
Keywords
The paper studies the main linguistic features of the Netspeak used by young Pakistani net users in online social network called ‘Orkut’. So far, no research has been carried out to study the general linguistic features of Pakistani variety of asynchronic Netspeak. This paper is an attempt to bridge this gap. These linguistic features have been classified into different categories. The analysis of this language and its comparison with the one used by native speakers of English on this network demonstrates that an intriguingly new linguistic variety of Pakistani Netspeak is evolving which is characterized by sets of specific adaptations, in graphology, grammar, semantics, and discourse, to the properties of the technology and the needs of the users.
Aitchison, J. (1983) Linguistics. New York: David Mckayand and co. Inc.
Aitchison, J. (1991) Language Change: Progress or Decay? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Aycock, A., and Buchignani, N. (1995) The e-mail murders: Reflection on “dead” letters. In Jones, S. G. (ed.), Cyberspace: Computer-mediated Communication Community (pp.184-231). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Baumgardner, R. J. (1990) The indiginzation of English in Pakistan. English Today, 6(1), 59-65.
Baumgardener, R .J. (1993) The English Language in Pakistan. Karachi ; Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Baumgardner, R. J. (1995) Pakistani English: acceptability and the norm. World Englishes, 14 (2), 261-271.
Baumgardner, R. J. (1998) Word formation in Pakistani English. English World-wide, 19 (2), 205-246.
Bloch, J. (2004) Second language cyber rhetoric: A study of Chinese L2 writers in an online usenet group. Language Learning and Technology, 8(3), 66-82.
Bolter, J. D. (2001) Writing Space: Computers, Hypertext, and the Remediation of Print. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Canagarajah, A.S. (1997) Safe houses in the contact zone: Copying strategies of African American students. College Composition and Communication, 48 (2), 173-195.
Chan, D. H. C. (1999) Code-switching in bilingual chatroom. Unpublished M. A. thesis. Lancaster University, UK.
Coulmas, F. (2005) Sociolinguistics: The Study of Speakers’ Choices. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, D. (1995) The Cambridge Encyclopaedia of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, D. (2001) Language and the Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, D. (2004) The Stories of English. London: Penguin Group.
Davis, B. H. and Brewer, J. P. (1997) Electronic Discourse: Linguistic Individuals in Virtual Space. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Dixon, R. M. W. (1997) The Rise and Fall of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Grice, P. (1975) Logic and conversation. In Cole, P. and Morgan, L. (eds.) Syntax and Semantics, vol. 3: Speech Acts (pp. 41-58). New York: Academic Press.
Gumperz, J. J. (1967) Language and communication. In Gross, B. M. (ed.) The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 373: 219-31.
Holmes, J. (1992) An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Essex, New York: Longman.
Imtiaz, A. (2005a) Online communication and social norms: Social deviations in Pakistani chat rooms. Paper presented at the ELT Conference at FJW University, Rawalpindi.
Imtiaz, A. (2005b) Online communication and social norms: Social deviations by Pakistani women in chat rooms. Paper presented at the conference on ‘The Role of Women in Nation Building’ at BZ University, Multan.
Johnson-Eilola, J. (1997) Nostalgic angles: Rearticulating hypertext writing. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Kachru, Y. (1997) Cultural meaning and contrastive rhetoric in English Education. World English, 16(3), 337-350.
Landow, G. (1997) Hypertext 2.0. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins Press.
Le Page, R. (1986) Acts of identity. English Today, 8, 21-24.
Mahboob, A. (2003) The English language in Pakistan: A brief overview of its history and linguistics. Pakistan Journal of Language, 4(1), 1-28.
Rahman, T. (1990) Pakistani English: The Linguistic Description of a Non-native Variety of English. Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.
Sproull, L., and Keisler, S. (1991) Connections: New Ways of Working in Networked Organizations. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Talaat, M. (1993) Lexical variation in Pakistani English. In R. J. Baumgardener (ed.), The English Language in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
Talaat, M. (2002) The sociolinguistics of English in Pakistan: Form and functions. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan.
Wallwork, J. F. (1969) Language and Linguistics. London: Heinmann.
Warschauer, M. (2000) Language, identity, and the internet. In Kolko, B., Nakamura, L. and Rodman, G. (eds.), Race in Cyberspace (pp.151-170). New York: Routledge.
Walther, J. B. (1996) Computer-Mediated Communication: impersonal, interpersonal and hyperpersonal interaction. Communication Research 23(1), 3-34
Yasmin, S. (2005) The effect of internet jargon on academic written English. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi.
How to cite
Asif, P. D. S. I., & Zahra, S. F. (2020). The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو, 10(1), 1–16. https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page
Retrieved from https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page
More citation formats
- ACM SIG Proceedings
-
[1]Asif, P.D.S.I. and Zahra, S.F. 2020. The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو. 10, 1 (Mar. 2020), 1–16.
- ACS Nano
-
(1)Asif, P. D. S. I.; Zahra, S. F. The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو 2020, 10 (1), 1–16.
- ABNT
-
ASIF, Prof. Dr. Saiqa Imtiaz; ZAHRA, Syeda Farwa. The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو, v. 10, n. 1, p. 1–16, 30 Mar.2020.
- Chicago (author-date)
- Harvard (Cite Them Right)
-
Asif, P.D.S.I. and Zahra, S.F. (2020) “The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens”, (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو, 10(1), pp. 1–16. Available at: https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page (Accessed: 20 May 2026).
- IEEE
-
[1]P. D. S. I. Asif and S. F. Zahra, “The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens”, (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–16, Mar. 2020, Accessed: May 20, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page
- MLA
-
Asif, Prof. Dr. Saiqa Imtiaz, and Syeda Farwa Zahra. “The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens”. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو, vols. 10, no. 1, Mar. 2020, pp. 1–16, https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page.
- Turabian (full note bibliography)
-
Asif, Prof. Dr. Saiqa Imtiaz, and Syeda Farwa Zahra. “The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens”. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 1–16. Accessed May 20, 2026. https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page.
- Vancouver
-
1.Asif PDSI, Zahra SF. The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو [Internet]. 2020 Mar. 30 [cited 2026 May 20];10(1):1–16. Available from: https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page
- AMA
-
1.Asif PDSI, Zahra SF. The Netspeak of Young Pakistani Netizens. (جرنل آف ریسرچ (اردو. 2020;10(1):1–16. Accessed May 20, 2026. https://jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/5e81d4e57e726/page
Download citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX
-
Mentoring for Women in Higher Education
Prof. Dr. Samina Amin Qadir
-
Language Hybridization and Code Mixing in Pakistani Talk Shows
Dr. Sarwet Rasul (Sarwet Dilshad)
-
Gender and the Ethnographer: A Multanan in the Field
Prof. Dr. Saiqa Imtiaz Asif
-
POSTMODERN CRITIQUE OF MISSIONARIES’ HISTORIOGRAPHY (A Case Study of the Civilization of Southern Africa)
Dr. Ghulam Shams ur Rehman, Waqar Aslam Khan
-
MOHTARAMA FATIMA JINNAH AND THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1965
Dr. Shehnaz Akhtar
-
التراث في نقد الشعر العربي المعاصر منهجا ابداعيا– دراسة تحليلية
Dr. Hafiz Abdul Raheem
-
الرؤى الإستراتيجية لتطوير خطط أقسام اللغة العربية وسوق العمل
Dr. Abdul Rauf Zuhdi Mustafa
-
اردو افسانے پر عالمی ادبی تحریکوں کے اثرات
Dr. Rubina Tareen, Dr. Sabahat Mushtaq
-
فکرِ اقبال کی روشنی میں فنونِ لطیفہ کا پاکستانی ثقافت میں مقام
Dr. Arshad Khanam, Dr. Anwaar Ahmad
-
مظفر علی سید کے دوہے، گیت اور بھجن
Dr. Khalid Mahmood Sanjarani
-
علی گڑھ میں نقدِ غالب کی روایت
Dr. Aqeela Basheer, Farah Zabeeh
-
دِلی کی آخری شمع۔ش ح ح
Hafiz Safwan Muhammad Chohan
Author(s):
Prof. Dr. Saiqa Imtiaz Asif
Vice ChancellorThe Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur
Pakistan
Syeda Farwa Zahra
Research Scholar (B.A Hons.)Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
Pakistan
Details:
| Type: | Article |
| Volume: | 10 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| Language: | English |
| Id: | 5e81d4e57e726 |
| Pages | 1 - 16 |
| Discipline: | English |
| Published | December 31, 2006 |
Statistics
|
|---|
Copyrights
| Journal of Research (Urdu) uses Creative Commons license Authors, retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. |
|---|

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.